Operating system is a computer system software .it can handling all function of computer . without operating system a computer can not function any work . Hardware and application software is interlinking with operating system software .
Operating system can be categorized into mainly in two types . One is supporting high level language and another is supporting low level language or machine language
Today we use many operating system which is support high level language .when come high level language support operating system that time change the computer world. When use machine language for operating system that can be help few people who related with computer field but high level language help normal people of world .
Some important types of computer operating system
UNIX
UNIX is a multiple user support time sharing operating system. It was developed by key Thompson and Dennis Ritchie in 1970 AD at Bell labs for PDP -II . UNIX developed in the time of computer third generation ,when the technology is ICs with SSI and MSI technology. This OPERATING SYSTEM is the first operating system which is written in high level language.Those high level language is C .
Various version of unix operating system
Structure of UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM are three layer
1 Kennel :- THIS layer has all module for process memory ,file ,, device and security management.
2 shell :- This layer has the commend interpreter
3 utilities:- This layer has all the operating system capability enhancement software including language compiler ,text editors ,and processing program ,variety of utilities and tools.
History of unix operating system :- UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM developed earlier than Microsoft windows and linux operating system. fast version of unix operating system is ken"s new system. it was developed in 1969 by the AT&T.
LIST OF VERSION
| VERSION | RELEASE YEARS |
| KEN"S NEW SYSTEM (UNIX) | 1969 |
| UNIX 1(Time sharing operating system) | 1971 |
| UNIX 2(Time sharing operating system) | 1972 |
| UNIX 3 (Time sharing operating system) | 1973 |
| UNIX 4 (Time sharing operating system) | 1973 |
| UNIX 5 (Time sharing operating system) | 1974 |
| UNIX 6 (Time sharing operating system) | 1975 |
| UNIX 7 (Time sharing operating system) | 1979 |
| UNIX 8 (Time sharing operating system) | 1985 |
| UNIX 9 (Time sharing operating system) | 1986 |
| UNIX 10 (Time sharing operating system) | 1989 |
MS-DOS(MICROSOFT DISK OPERATING SYSTEM)
It was developed by Microsoft and IBM jointly in 1981 AD .in 1990 Microsoft developed independent . It is a single user interface operating system. UNIX and MS-DOS mainly different in user interface , UNIX support multi user with time sharing and MS-DOS is single user interface without time sharing.
Structure of MS DOS
1 BIOS ( Basic input output system ) it contains device driver for standard device . Such as key sound ,Disk , Floppy printer and Display monitor.
2 Kennel :- This layer contain all the module for process management , those module usually and machine independent
3 Shell :- This layer has the command INTERPRETER MS DOS shell is also known as command.com
Microsoft Windows
. Microsoft Developed Windows operating system to overcome the limitation of its own MS-DOS windows 3.0 It was released in 1990.
LIST OF VERSION OF WINDOWS
| windows version | release version | release date |
| WINDOWS NT 1.0 | 1.01 | 20/11/1985 |
| WINDOWS 1.02 | 1.02 | 14/05/1986 |
| WINDOWS 1.03 | 1.03 | 21/08/1986 |
| WINDOWS 1.04 | 1.04 | 10/04/1987 |
| WINDOWS 2.03 | 2.03 | 09/12/1987 |
| WINDOWS 2.10 | 2.10 | 27/05/1988 |
| WINDOWS 2.11 | 2.11 | 13/03/1989 |
| WINDOWS 3.0 | 3.00 | 22/05/1990 |
| WINDOWS 3.1 | 3.10 | 06/04/1992 |
| WINDOWS NT 3.1 | NT 3.1 | 27/07/1993 |
| WINDOWS FOR WORKGROUPS 3.11 | 3.11 | 08/11/1993 |
| WINDOWS 3.2 | 3.2 | 22/11/1993 |
| WINDOWS NT 3.5 | NT 3.5 | 21/09/1994 |
| WINDOWS NT 3.51 | NT 3.51 | 30/05/1995 |
| WINDOWS 95 | 4.00 | 15/08/1995 |
| WINDOWS NT 4.0 | NT 4.0 | 31/07/1996 |
| WINDOWS 98 | 4.10 | 15/05/1998 |
| WINDOWS 2000 | NT 5.0 | 15/12/1999 |
| WINDOWS ME | 4.90 | 19/06/2000 |
| WINDOWS XP | NT 5.1 | 24/08/2001 |
| WINDOWS XP PROFESSIONAL x64 Edition | NT 5.2 | 25/04/2005 |
| WINDOWS VISTA | NT 6.0 | 08/11/2006 |
| WINDOWS 7 | NT 6.1 | 22/07/2009 |
| WINDOWS 8 | NT 6.2 | 01/08/2012 |
| WINDOWS 8.1 | NT 6.3 | 27/08/2013 |
| WINDOWS 10 | NT 10.0 | 15/07/2015 |
. MICROSOFT WINDOWS NT
Microsoft Windows NT is a multi user time sharing operating system developed by Microsoft. It is a suitable use with powerful workstation network and database servers .it has built in networking and communication features , stick security system and rise site of tools for software development and system administration.
LINUX
Linux is a open source operating system, it is a multi tasking and multi processing operating system system LINUX TRAVELLS invented it for the first time for a two projects, later he posted the code on intranet and the would wind programme to develop.
| LINUX VERSION | RELEASE DATE | END DATE |
| LINUX 1.0 | 27/08/2006 | - |
| LINUX 2.0 | 13/11/2006 | 04/2008 |
| LINUX 2.1 | 20/12/2006 | 04/2008 |
| LINUX 2.2 | 20/02/2007 | 04/2007 |
| LINUX 3.0 | 30/05/2007 | 10/2008 |
| LINUX 3.1 | 24/09/2007 | 10/2008 |
| LINUX 4.0 | 15/0/10/2007 | 04/2009 |
| LINUX 5.0 | 08/06/2008 | 04/2011 |
| LINUX 6.0 | 15/12/2008 | 04/2010 |
| LINUX 7.0 | 26/05/2009 | 10/2010 |
| LINUX 8.0 | 28/11/2009 | 04/2011 |
| LINUX 9.0 | 18/05/2010 | 04/2013 |
| LINUX 10 | 12/11/2010 | 04/2012 |
| LINUX 11 | 26/05/2011 | 10/2012 |
| LINUX 12 | 26/11/2011 | 04/2013 |
| LINUX 13 | 23/05/2012 | 04/2017 |
| LINUX 14 | 20/11/2012 | 04/2014 |
| LINUX 15 | 29/05/2013 | 01/2014 |
| LINUX 16 | 30/11/2013 | 01/2014 |
| LINUX (17 TO 17.3 | 31/05/2014 | 04/2019 |
| LINUX (18 TO 18.3 | 30/06/2016 | 04/2021 |
| LINUX 19 TO 19.3 | 29/06/2018 | 04/2023 |
| LINUX 20 | 10/06/2020 | 2025 |
Some MS DOS COMMAND
1 CHDIR/CD:- Display the name or change the current directory
2 CHKDSK:- Check a disk and display status report.
3 CLS :- clears the screen.
4 copy :- copies one or more file to another location.
5 DATE :- Display or set date .
6 DIR :- Display a list of files.
7 DEL:- To remove or erase a file . C:del<file name>
8 MD/MKDIR:- Creat a directory. c:md/mkdir<directory name>
9 . MOVE:- oneor more files from one directory to another directory.
for example c;move<source file name><distinction file name>
10 TIME :- Display the system of Time .
11. print:- To print a text file. for example c\print <file name>
12 COPY CON:- To create a file . c\copy con <file name>.
13 REN/RENAME:-Rename a file or directory . for example c\ren/ rename <old file name><new file name> enter
14 RMDIR :- To removes directory . c\rmdir<file name> enter
15 TYPE :- To Display the contents of a file . c\type<file name> enter
16 EDIT :- To edit content of a file. c\edit<file name >enter
another window will open with the contents , edit or modify the contents.
save and exit by clicking file manu
17 COPY:- copy/duplicate a file from one folder to another folder. c:\folder name> copy <file name><drive name><folder name> enter
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